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HTML is no longer a strange concept to many people, it is the foundation of any website. HTML skills are extremely necessary for all website programmers to master, because this is the starting point for anyone who wants to learn web design.
What is HTML?
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language which describes the structure of a Web page, including a series of elements, HTML components tell the browser how to display the content, is the standard markup language for creating Web pages, HTML elements label content sections such as "this is the title", "this is the paragraph", "this is the link", ...
The purpose of using HTML is to create content for the website: HTML will help your website store and display to users content such as audio, video, text,...
Designing the interface for the website: The latest version of HTML is HTML5, it is significantly improved compared to previous versions and is commonly used in designing the website interface. However, HTML5 can only help create the skeleton for the website, you need to use CSS to create a complete website.
How does HTML work?
When we type any domain name, the browser we are using (For example: CocCoc, Chrome, Firefox, Opera, Microsoft Edge, ...) will connect to a web server, using an IP address that is found by resolving that domain name (DNS). A web server is a computer connected to the internet and receives requests to the website from our browser. The server will then send back information to our browser, which is an HTML document, to display the website.
An HTML file will consist of HTML elements and is saved under the extension .htm or .html. When an HTML file is created, it will be processed by a web browser. The web browser will play the role of reading and understanding the HTML content from the tags inside and will convert it into marked text for reading, listening or understanding (processed by computer bots).
We can view them using any web browser (eg CocCoc, Chrome, Firefox, Opera, Microsoft Edge,…). The web browser will read these HTML files and publish the content to the Internet so that readers can view it.
We can simply understand that a website can contain many other HTML web pages, for example: Home page, product page, news page, etc.
Structure of a simple HTML document:
For example:
Thẻ DOCTYPE HTML : Khai báo kiểu dữ liệu hiẻn thị
Thẻ html : là thẻ bắt buộc, là element cấp cao nhất, có nhiệm vụ đóng gói tất cả nội dung của trang HTML.
Thẻ head : Khai báo các thông tin mô tả của trang web như : Tiêu đề trang, charset
Thẻ title : là cặp thẻ nằm bên trong cặp thẻ head, dùng để khai báo tiêu đề của trang.
Thẻ body : Cặp thẻ dùng để đóng gói tất cả các nội dung sẽ hiển thị trên trang.
Thẻ h1, h2 : định dạng dữ liệu dạng heading. Thông thường có 6 cấp độ heading trong HTML, Bắt đầu từ h1 đến h6. Trong đó, Thẻ h1 có cấp độ cao nhất và thẻ h6 là cấp độ thấp nhất.
Thẻ p : là cặp thẻ chứa các đoạn văn bản của trang web.
What role does HTML play in a website?
With the above advantages and disadvantages, it does not mean that only HTML is used to create a website, but HTML only plays a formative role on the website. A standard website will be formed by:
- HTML – Build the structure and format of hypertext.
- CSS – Format raw hypertext generated from HTML into a website layout, with colors, background images, etc.
- Javascript – Generate interactive events based on user actions (e.g. chat, content update, slide effects).
- PHP – Programming language for processing and exchanging data between server and browser.
- MySQL –Structured query database management system.
If a website is a complete body, HTML is the skeleton of that body. No matter what type of website it is, or what programming language it uses to process data, HTML is still needed to display content for users to see.
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- Main Elements of HTML (14.05.2025)